Home Geography. Pop. The energy firm Engie also has its main offices in the region at La Défense. During the French Revolution, Île-de-France was divided into départements. [10] Christianity was introduced in the middle of the 3rd century AD by Saint Denis, the first Bishop of Paris. Commerce and services account for 84 percent of the business establishments in the region, and have 83.3 percent of the salaried employees.[16]. [9] It became a prosperous city with a forum, baths, temples, theatres, and an amphitheatre. The Ile-de-France region alone accounts for 5% of the European Union's GDP, for only about 2.7% of the Union's population. With such a wide ranging geography, and a thousand years of history in evidence, Ile-de-France is one of the world’s top destinations, and it is little wonder why. The automotive industry: Renault Groupe PSA Apart from its numerous motorways and rail links, it has a series of port zones along the Seine and Marne. Île-de-France is the focus of France’s various communications networks. The densest area is Paris itself, with 21,066 inhabitants per square kilometer. The rainfall in Ile-de-France is significant, with precipitation even during the driest month. Under the Merovingians (476–750), Francia meant the region between the Rhine and the Seine rivers; it was restricted under the Carolingians to the country bounded by the Aisne, Oise, and Seine rivers. The région lies in the centre of the Paris Basin and consists of limestone plains with a gently rolling relief. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In the 16th century the gouvernement of Île-de-France was constituted under a gouverneur, or a lieutenant of the king. About 2.1 million people live in the city of Paris. For the municipality in Upper Normandy, see, Current administrative regions (since 2016), Former administrative regions (1982–2015), sfn error: no target: CITEREFArbois_de_JubainvilleDottin1889 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFCunliffe2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFLawrenceGondrand2010 (, Key Figures: Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau Key, Mastercard Global Destinations Index 2017, Key Figures 2017: Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau, Annual Report of the Regional Committee on Tourism of the Ile-de-France Region, cited in, List of twin towns and sister cities in France, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/regions/data/database, "Ile-de-France- Portrait of the Region- Key figures (in French)", "En quinze ans, Paris s'est enrichi, mais sa région s'est appauvrie, révèle une étude", "L'Industrie en Île-de-France, Principaux Indicateurs Régionaux", "Leading industrial enterprises in Ile-de-France", "Key figures on economy of Ile-de-France (2018) (in French)", "Key Figures 2018: Employment statistics from Government of the Ile-de-France, retrieved December 1, 2018", "Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ile-de-France, retrieved 12-2-2018)", "INSEE report, Unemployment in Ile-de-France, by department, end of 2016", "Ile-de-France- une region plus agricole que on ne le croit", "Tourism statistics, Paris Region tourism office", Vers une fréquentation touristique record à Paris en 2017, "Level of poverty according to age and fiscal reference in 2015", "Individus localisés à la région en 2015 - Recensement de la population - Fichiers détail", "IMG1B - Population immigrée par sexe, âge et pays de naissance en 2015 - Région d'Île-de-France (11)", "Fichier Données harmonisées des recensements de la population de 1968 à 2010", "Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par département, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Année 2011", "Hanoi strengthens ties with Ile-de-France", Paris Region Map, the interactive economic map of Paris Region, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Île-de-France&oldid=1016719416, NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union, NUTS 2 statistical regions of the European Union, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles with failed verification from October 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Census returns until 2017; official January estimates from, Delegates General for the District of the Paris Region, 1969–1975: Maurice Doublet (civil servant), Presidents of the Regional Council of Île-de-France, This page was last edited on 8 April 2021, at 18:17. The most important crops are grains (66 percent), followed by beets (7 percent), largely for industrial use, and grass for grazing. Since 2016 the regional council has 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the far-right National Front. The local time is … There are 8 departments in the region. The région is the country’s preeminent decision-making centre, in both the public and private sectors. In the second half of the 15th century, however, it designated a wide military province of government, bounded on the north by Picardy, the west by Normandy, the south by Orléanais and Nivernais, and the east by Champagne. Île-de-France was the cradle of the French monarchy. The River Eure does not cross the region but receives water from several rivers in the Ile-de-France, including the Drouette and the Vesgre. (Moisson-Mousseaux, Cergy-Neuville, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, etc.). The department of Hauts-de-Seine is the wealthiest in France in terms of per capita GDP. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Site officiel des professeurs d'histoire géographie de la région Paris Ile de France. What Is The Land In Ile-de-France Used For? [32], In 2013, 2,206,000 residents of the Île-de-France were immigrants, born outside of France. Paris Ile-de-France Geography Paris Ile-de-France climate is generally made up of cold winters and mild summers. [30], As of 1 January 2017[update], the population density of the region was 1010.9 inhabitants per square kilometer. Within the région the central areas of Paris are served by the Métro (underground railway), while a newer express line (Réseau Express Régional; RER) extends into the Parisian suburbs. The Seine River Paris (France) Boulogne-Billancourt (France) Saint-Denis (France) Argenteuil (France) Montreuil (France) Nanterre (France) Créteil (France) Versailles (France) Courbevoie (France) Vitry-sur-Seine (France) Ile-de-France's climate is classified as warm and temperate. In 2016, the region had a gross domestic product (GDP) of €681 billion (US$850 billion). [23], The Île-de-France is one of the world's top tourist destinations, with a record 23.6 million hotel arrivals in 2017, and an estimated 50 million visitors in all types of accommodation. Subcategories. outer ring) includes the outer four departments of Île-de-France not bordering Paris. Its capital was Paris. 12,027,565. Fruit, vegetables, and flowers are also grown. The population density of the region Île-de-France is 960,05 inhabitants per km². The most populated towns of the Petite Couronne are Boulogne-Billancourt, Montreuil, Saint-Denis, Nanterre and Créteil. Zur Navigation springen Zur Suche springen. Actualités, revues, ressources pédagogiques, articles, niveau primaire, collège, lycée et université. The area of the region Île-de-France is 12 012,27 km ². Corrections? Geography. in Île-de-France is in the north of France, neighboring Hauts-de-France to the north, Grand Est to the east, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté to the southeast, Centre-Val-de-Loire to the southwest, and Normandy to the west. Île-de-France Map, showing the major geographical, physical features and relief of the Île-de-France (1999) 10,952,011; (2014 est.) Area 4,637 square miles (12,011 square km). History and geography of the town of Creteil, France. Île-de-France is a region of France. According to legend, when Denis refused to renounce his faith before Roman authorities he was beheaded on the hill that became known as Mons Martyrum (Latin "Hill of Martyrs"), later "Montmartre". Archives des articles et revues publiés. Ile-de-France is the province containing Paris and so has 18% of France’s total population. The population of immigrants is more widely distributed throughout the region than it was in the early 2000s, though the concentrations remain high in certain areas, particularly Paris and the department of Seine-Saint-Denis. https://www.britannica.com/place/Ile-de-France-region-France. As the Frankish domination of Gaul began, there was a gradual immigration by the Franks to Paris and the Parisian Francien dialects were born. La géographie de l'Île-de-France est marquée, sur le plan physique, par sa situation au centre d'un bassin sédimentaire, le bassin parisien, au relief relativement plat, irrigué par un fleuve navigable, la Seine, dont les principaux affluents convergent précisément dans cette région, par un climat tempéré et des sols agricoles très fertiles, et sur le plan économique, par la présence en son centre de Paris, capitale et principale agglomératio… In the Middle Ages, île (“island”) often designated areas more or less bounded by rivers but was not given specifically to “France” before 1387. Paris, The city of Versailles is part of this area. This category is for stub articles relating to the geography of the Île-de-France région of France. The Île-de-France (/ˌiːl də ˈfrɒ̃s/, French: [il də fʁɑ̃s] (listen); literally "Isle of France") is the most populous of the eighteen regions of France. The région is a major tourist destination for international visitors. The principal rivers are the Seine and its tributaries—the Marne, Oise, and Aisne. This location is classified as Cfb by Köppen and Geiger. Île-de-France is in the north of France, neighboring Hauts-de-France to the north, Grand Est to the east, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté to the southeast, Centre-Val-de-Loire to the southwest, and Normandy to the west. [8], The Romans conquered the area in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris's Left Bank. 12 million) and the Basilica of Sacre-Coeur at Montmartre (est. It is also the capital city of France. There are two international airports, Charles de Gaulle and Orly. The largest number of visitors came from the United States, followed by England, Germany and China. Getting around Paris is easy, with a combination of walking and use of the Metro, which is cheap and easy to navigate. Omissions? They are Seine-et-Marne (77), Yvelines (78), Essonne (91) and Val-d'Oise (95). The name came into use only in the 14th cent. With the exception of its north-eastern border, the country is bounded either by water or by mountains namely the Rhine and Jura, the Alps and the Pyrenees. [2], The region is made up of eight administrative departments: Paris, Essonne, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de-Marne, Val-d'Oise and Yvelines. Agenda des conférences, séminaires, expositions, musées et théâtres. On 6 May 1976, as part of the process of regionalisation, the district was reconstituted with increased administrative and political powers and renamed the Île-de-France region. The area around Paris was originally known as Francia, from which the name of France was derived. The former department of Seine, abolished in 1968, included the city proper and parts of the petite couronne. Residents are sometimes referred to as Franciliens, an administrative word created in the 1980s. Fortification of the Île de la Cité failed to avert sacking by Vikings in 845, but Paris's strategic importance—with its bridges preventing ships from passing—was established by successful defence in the Siege of Paris (885–86). The GDP of the region in 2018 was €734 billion (or US$882 billion at market exchange rates). Commons: Geographie (Île-de-France) – … Ile de France, positioned in north-central France, is the most visited region of the country, as it contains the timeless city of Paris and the Palace of Versailles. From north to south it is approximately 110 km. [19], The largest non-government employers in the Region as of the end of 2015 were the airline Air France (40,657); the SNCF (French Railways): 31,955; the telecom firm Orange S.A. (31,497); the bank Société Générale (27,361); the automotive firm Groupe PSA (19,648); EDF (Electricité de France); 18,199; and Renault (18,136). and high-tech manufacturing (electronics, optics, aerospace, etc.). Ile-De-France Province of France Facts on Île-de-France Land area: 12,011 km² Population: estimated at 11,362,000 Area: 946/km² (2005) Capital City: Paris The Ile de France is one of the 26 regions of France, and was created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961 and, with borders unchanged, was transformed into the Île-de-France region in 1976. The socialists had governed the region for the preceding seventeen years. [18], In 2018 just 7.2 percent of employees in the Region were engaged in industry; 62.3 percent were engaged in commerce and market services; 25.5 percent in non-market services, including government, health and education; 4.8 percent in construction; and 0.2 percent in agriculture. They also create many lakes and ponds, some of which have been transformed into recreation areas. You can help by expanding them. [28], Notre-Dame Cathedral (12 million visitors in 2017), Palace of Versailles (7.7 million visitors in 2017), Disneyland Paris (14.8 million visitors in 2017), Notable historic monuments in the Region outside of Paris include the Palace of Versailles (7,700,000 visitors), the Palace of Fontainebleau (500,000 visitors), the chateau of Vaux-le-Vicomte (300,000 visitors), and the Château de Malmaison, Napoleon's former country house; and the Basilica of Saint-Denis, where the Kings of France were interred before the French Revolution.[29]. How Does The Geography Affect The Lives Of The People Who Live In The Area? Cafés historiques. Updates? Industry is not spread equally throughout. It was created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961. The petite couronne consists of the departments of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne; the grande couronne consists of those of Seine-et-Marne, Yvelines, Essonne and Val-d'Oise. The région’s fertile loams support the cultivation of wheat, corn (maize), barley, sunflowers, rapeseed, legumes, and sugar beets. The region has witnessed increasing income inequality in recent decades and rising housing prices have pushed the less affluent outside Paris.[4]. In the 1950s and the 1960s, thousands of immigrants settled in the communes bordering the city. Die Liste der Autoren ist in der Wikipedia unter dieser Seite verfügbar, der Artikel kann hier bearbeitet werden. During the French Revolution, the royal provinces were abolished and divided into departments, and the city and region were governed directly by the national government. flows past The legend further states that Denis walked headless from this hill to the north of the city. It has the highest per capita GDP of any French region and the third highest of any region in the European Union. [24] The name is not found in written documents before 1429. Als führende europäische Arbeits… Financial services and insurance are important sectors of the regional economy; the major French banks and insurance companies, including BNP Paribas, Société générale, and Crédit agricole, all have their headquarters in the region, The region also hosts the headquarters of the top French telecom companies and utilities, including Orange S.A., Veolia and EDF, The French stock market, the Bourse de Paris, now known as Euronext Paris, occupies a historical building in the center of Paris, is in ranked fourth among global stock markets, after New York, Tokyo and London., Other major sectors of the regional economy include energy companies (Orano, Engie, Électricité de France. Île-de-France dominates economic activity in France, despite successive attempts to encourage businesses in other parts of the country. The latter three departments formed the Seine-et-Oise department until this was disbanded in 1968. Île-de-France had a fourfold growth in population between 1850 and 1968. It was lowest in Yvelines (9.7 percent); Seine-et-Marne (11.8 percent), Essone (12.9 percent), and Hauts-de-Seine (12.4 percent). The French stock market, the Bourse de Paris, now known as Euronext Paris, occupies a historical building in the center of Paris and is ranked fourth among global stock markets, after New York, Tokyo, and London. Centred around the capital Paris, it is located in the north-central part of the country and often called the Région Parisienne ("Paris Region"). [25][26] It was ranked as the third most visited travel destination in the world in 2017, after Bangkok and London. The historic Bourse de Paris, or Paris stock market, now called Euronext Paris, Headquarters of Société Générale in La Défense, The Paris Region is France's most important center of economic activity. In Val-d’Oise between Pontoise and Montmorency, mushrooms are grown on a large scale in limestone caves. Trouvez ici un recueil de ressources pédagogiques et d'informations liées à l'enseignement, ainsi que les actualités, articles, revues, agendas, expositions, musées et autres. [15] In 2014 industry represented just under five percent of active enterprises in the region, and 10.2 percent of salaried workers. < All but one of the twenty-nine French companies listed in the Fortune Global 500 have their headquarters in Paris. The immigrant population of the Île-de-France has a higher proportion of non-Europeans, as well as a higher proportion of immigrants with an advanced level of education, than the rest of France. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Poverty was highest in the departments of Seine-Saint-Denis (29 percent), Val-d'Oise (17.1 percent), and Val-de-Marne (16.8 percent). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! Its seat is in Paris, at 33 rue Barbet-de-Jouy in the 7th arrondissement. These are F… [5][6] One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île de la Cité; this meeting place of land and water trade routes gradually became an important trading centre. In the 10th and 11th centuries it signified only the territory limited by the Seine, the Marne, the Beuvronne, the Oise, and the Nonette. This category has the following 13 subcategories, out of 13 total. For other uses, see, "Petite Couronne" redirects here. Classification Count Köppen-Geiger Examples; Oceanic climate : 1289: Cfb: Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt, Saint-Denis, Argenteuil, Montreuil: Paris. The capital is Paris. As a result, industry has become concentrated in the outer urban areas and especially in the five new towns developed since the 1960s: Évry, Marne-la-Vallée, Sénart, Cergy-Pontoise, and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. In the century between 1850 and 1950, when most areas of France were losing population, Paris attracted migrants from all over the country, as … By: Emma Clute My region is the mostly orange color in the north. In general, farm holdings are large, highly mechanized, and produce high yields, yet they employ only a very small percentage of the workforce. Owing to the great urban sprawl of Paris, agriculture is concentrated in the outer areas of Île-de-France, particularly in the département of Seine-et-Marne. Inhabitants of Île-de-France were 10 952 011 in 1999 and 11 532 398 in 2006. 11.1 million visitors). [3][failed verification], Beyond the city limits of Paris, the region has many other important historic sites, including the palaces of Versailles and Fontainebleau, as well as the most-visited tourist attraction in France, Disneyland Paris. These departments, until 1968 part of the disbanded Seine department, are Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne. Ile-de-France is used mostly for crops even [22], In 2018 48 percent of the land of the Île-de-France was devoted to agriculture; 569,000 hectares were cultivated. Europe’s largest urban area. France. Politically, the region is divided into 8 departments, 25 arrondissements, 155 cantons and 1,276 communes, out of the total of 35,416 in metropolitan France. View of the forest of Fontainebleau in Seine-et-Marne, Transilien Line R train between Veneux-les-Sablons and Saint-Mammès. Damit setzt sich die Region an die Spitze, gefolgt vom Großraum London und der Lombardei. Since the 1960s, natural increase has remained strong, because of the région’s youthful population, but growth has slowed, largely as a result of migrational loss. Kategorie:Geographie (Île-de-France) aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie. Metropolitan France has a varied topography that consists of flat plains and/or low rolling hills in the north and west, while the rest of the country is mountainous with the Pyrenees in the south and the Alps in the east. The "island" may refer to the land between the rivers Oise, Marne and Seine, or it may also have been a reference to the Île de la Cité, where the French royal palace and cathedral were located. In der Region sind besonders viele Technologieunternehmen (Konzerne, kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen, Start-ups), international renommierte Kompetenzzentren und viele wissenschaftliche und technische Einrichtungen Europas angesiedelt. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}48°30′N 2°30′E / 48.500°N 2.500°E / 48.500; 2.500, This article is about the region in France. Bienvenue sur le site des professeurs d'histoire-géographie de la région Paris et Île de France (APHG). Dämme in Île-de-France Inseln in Île-de-France Spielplätze in Île-de-France Strände in Île-de-France Kavernen & Höhlen in Île-de-France Wüsten in Île-de-France Wälder in Île-de-France Gärten in Île-de-France Geologische Formationen in Île-de-France Jachthäfen in Île-de-France Nationalparks in Île-de-France Natur- & Tierschutzgebiete in Île-de-France Staatliche Parks in Île-de-France Radrouten in Île-de-France Reitwege in Île-de-France The region accounts for nearly 30 percent of the French Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Kings of France enjoyed getting away from Paris and hunting in the game-filled forests of the region. 31 % des nationalen BIP und 4,5 % des BIP der Europäischen Union. [7] The Parisii traded with many river towns (some as far away as the Iberian Peninsula) and minted their own coins for that purpose. Although the modern name Île-de-France literally means "Island of France", its etymology is in fact unclear. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In industry, major activities include printing and publishing; food processing; and the manufacturing of electrical and electronic goods, automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and mechanical products. Baron Haussmann's modernization plan transformed many areas of Paris through the addition of wider boulevards, better lighting and water sanitation, new parks, and improved rail transportation. [31], As of 2015[update] according to the official government statistics agency INSEE, 15.9 percent of residents of the region had an income below the poverty level; for residents of the city of Paris, this proportion was 16.2 percent. The biggest cities are Paris and Cergy-Pontoise. It varied within the region from 7.8 percent in the city of Paris, to a high of 12.7 percent in Seine-Saint-Denis; 10 percent in Val-d'Oise; to regional lows of 7.5 percent in Hauts-de-Seine; 7.4 percent in Yvelines 7.7 percent in Essonne; and 7.9 percent in Seine et Marne, and 8.8 percent in Val de Marne. The centre of the région has lost most of its industries, and inner suburbs in Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne, and Hauts-de-Seine have experienced factory closures. Paris and the Ile-de-France region boast a vast number of gourmet products and local specialities. In 987, Hugh Capet, Count of Paris (comte de Paris) and Duke of the Franks (duc des Francs), was elected King of the Franks (roi des Francs). Das BIP der Region Île-de-France entspricht ca. Surrounding Paris, urbanization has completely filled other three departments which are collectively known as ‘petite couronne’. Though it is the richest French region, a significant number of residents live in poverty: the official poverty rate in the Île-de-France was 15.9% in 2015. Île-de-France is densely populated and retains a prime economic position on the national stage: though it covers only 12,012 square kilometres (4,638 square miles), about 2% of metropolitan French territory, its estimated 2020 population of 12,278,210 was nearly one-fifth of the national total; its economy accounts for nearly one-third of the French gross domestic product. Luebering, Executive Editorial Director. The least-densely populated département is Seine-et-Marne with 239 residents per square kilometer. Many of the communes belonging to Île-de-France are still classified as rural despite their proximity to Paris. Under the rule of the Capetian kings, Paris gradually became the largest and most prosperous city in France.[11]. Île-de-France, région of France encompassing the north-central départements of Val-d’Oise, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Saint-Denis, Ville-de-Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Essonne, and Yvelines. Four out of ten immigrants living in France reside in the region. All the major French banks, including BNP Paribas, Société générale, and Crédit agricole, have their main offices in the Paris Region, as well as the major French telecom and utility companies, including Orange S.A., Veolia, and EDF. [21], The unemployment rate in the region stood at 8.6% at the end of 2016. The proportion of residents born outside of Metropolitan France has dropped since the 1999 (19.7%) and the 2010 censuses (23%).[35]. Outside metropolitan France, the national territory extends to the départements doutre-mer and territoires doutre-mer, collectively referred to as DOM-TOMs. The land area of Ile de France is about 12,011 square kilometers and the region is having eight departments with ‘Paris’ as its capital. Agriculture land, forest and natural spaces occupy 78.9 percent of the region, Twenty-eight percent of the region's land is in urban usage, while the remaining 24 percent is rivers, forests, woods, and ponds.[13]. However, the number of persons employed in agriculture in the region dropped thirty-three percent between 2000 and 2015, to just 8,460 persons in 2015. The province also has the highest concentration of industry in the whole country. Of historical interest are the châteaus of Versailles, Mantes-la-Jolie, Rambouillet, Fontainebleau, Vaux-le-Vicomte, and Champs. From the time of Louis XIV until the French Revolution, Versailles was the official residence of the Kings and the seat of the French government. [14], The regional economy has gradually shifted toward high-value-added service industries (finance, IT services, etc.) Bouygues world headquarters, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France, designed by Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo and Associates. With nearly 12 million inhabitants (and growing), it's the most populated region in the country. Île-de-France is the most densely populated région in France. The région lies in the centre of the Paris Basin and consists of limestone plains with a gently rolling relief. Île-de-France became the term used for the territory of Paris and the surrounding province, which was administered directly by the King. and was then applied to the land bounded by the Seine, the Ouse, and the Marne and their affluents. Klima: Ile-de-France Das Klima von Ile-de-France wird klassifiziert als warmes und gemäßigtes Klima. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. In Essonne, around Saclay and Orsay, many higher education and research facilities have been established, with the région accounting for more than 40 percent of France’s employment in this field. At the end of the 20th century, the régions and their corresponding départements served similar administrative functions. Der Ort ist nach Köppen und Geiger als Cfb klassifiziert. The Petite Couronne[36] (literally "Little Crown" or inner ring) is formed by the three departments bordering Paris, forming a geographical crown around it. The capital city is Paris. GEOGRAPHY OF PARIS . The principal rivers are the Seine and its tributaries—the Marne, Oise, and Aisne. Metropolitan France has four coastlines the North Sea, the English Channel, the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea with a combined coastline length of 3,427km (2,129 miles). the In 2013 about 12 million people lived in the region. What are the largest cities of the region of Île-de-France ? The major rivers are navigable, and, because of the modest variations of altitude in the region (between 10 and 200 meters), they have a tendency to meander and curve. At the end of the 20th century, the Paris agglomeration counted 11,131,412 inhabitants, of which 2,147,274 within the city proper. A Political And Physical Map Of Ile-de-France. It is composed of eight departments centred on its innermost department and capital, Paris. [17]. The Métropole du Grand Paris is an administrative structure that comprises Paris and the three departments of the Petite Couronne, plus seven additional communes in the Grande Couronne. The River Seine flows through the middle of the region, and the region is crisscrossed by its tributaries and sub-tributaries, including the Rivers Marne, Oise and Epte. Selbst in den trockensten Monaten ist in Ile-de-France mit deutlichem Niederschlag zu rechnen. The leading French and European aerospace and defense companies, including (Airbus] industries; Thales Group, Dassault Aviation, Safran Aircraft Engines, the European Space Agency, Alcatel-Lucent, and Arianespace have a large presence in the region. Office-Based employment predominates in the city of Paris and so has 18 % of the Île-de-France of... With a gently rolling relief province also has the following 13 subcategories, out 6! Dinkeloo and Associates states, followed by England, Germany and China as Cfb Köppen! A land area of 12,011 km2 ( 4,637 sq mi ) < all but one of Capetian! North of the forest of Fontainebleau in Seine-et-Marne, Transilien Line R train between Veneux-les-Sablons and Saint-Mammès high-value-added! Ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article 2018, nearly all of the Ile-de-France remain largely.. Between 1850 and 1968 for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your.! The following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total eight departments centred on its innermost department and capital Paris... An east-west extension of about 130 km the population of the region at la Défense residents per kilometer... World headquarters, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France. [ 11 ], Clovis the Frank the!, Transilien Line R train between Veneux-les-Sablons and Saint-Mammès the land of the Paris ''... Eure Does not cross the region, twice the national territory extends to the north of the stood. And temperate wealthiest in France. [ 11 ] proper and parts of the Île-de-France was constituted under a,! Global 500 were based in the 1950s and the Basilica of Saint-Denis place he. Hunting in the département of Hauts-de-Seine is the province also has the following 13 subcategories, out ten! Preceding seventeen years city of Versailles, are Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne France [! Commons: Geographie ( Île-de-France ) – … Home Geography which 2,147,274 the. 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