The authors have studied the association between perioperative cardiac troponin T (cTNT) release and the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in a large cohort of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. 8, 1334–1341 (2015). Van Wagoner, D. R. et al. Gold, M. R., O’Gara, P. T., Buckley, M. J. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Curr. Heart Rhythm 6, 1818–1824 (2009). eCollection 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.020 (2018). Res. Pharmacotherapy. J. Cardiovasc. Biochem. Dieleman, J. M. et al. The persistent problem of new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation: a single-institution experience over two decades. Cardiovasc. The role of cardiac pacing: American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for the prevention and management of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. Gialdini, G. et al. Amar, D. et al. Post-operative atrial fibrillation examined using whole-genome RNA sequencing in human left atrial tissue. B. 170, 659–668 (2015). Am. [2006, amended 2014] 1.9.5 In the prophylaxis and management of postoperative atrial fibrillation, use appropriate antithrombotic therapy and correct identifiable precipitants (such as electrolyte imbalance or hypoxia). 27, 2846–2857 (2006). Passman, R. S. et al. Cardiology 112, 81–88 (2009). & Zhang, G. Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Circulation 120, S163–S169 (2009). Ther. Typical features include onset at 2-4 days postoperatively, episodes that are often fleeting and a self-limited time course. 37, 7–13 (2014). Am. Banach, M. et al. Zhao, B. C. et al. 293, H1231–H1241 (2007). The International Journal of Cardiology is devoted to cardiology in the broadest sense. Heart J. Am. World J. Surg. wrote the manuscript, and D.D., M.A. Andrade, J., Khairy, P., Dobrev, D. & Nattel, S. The clinical profile and pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation: relationships among clinical features, epidemiology, and mechanisms. Guidelines on the prevention and management of de novo atrial fibrillation after cardiac and thoracic surgery. Surg. The journal serves the interest of both clinicians and researchers. Kowey, P. R., Yannicelli, D., Amsterdam, E. & Investigators, C.-I. Substrate modifications precede the development of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a proteomic study. Great … and Quebec Heart and Stroke Foundation (S.N.). Activation of the complement system during and after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: postsurgery activation involves C-reactive protein and is associated with postoperative arrhythmia. Med. Nature Reviews Cardiology thanks H. Calkins, A. Gillinov and the other anonymous reviewer(s), for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Terzi, A. et al. Thromb. Int. JAMA 312, 1016–1023 (2014). Med. define postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) during a spe-cific period of time. Pacing Clin. Ann. Surgery-related cardiac stress: A susceptibility test of late atrial fibrillation recurrence? Farsak, B. et al. Voigt, N. et al. Forum 13, E223–E227 (2010). 11, 150–158 (2016). Res. A. PubMed Whitlock, R. P. et al. J. Cardiol. Korean Circ. J. Cardiothorac. Zhu, J. et al. 109, 510–518 (2016). Vanoxerine, a new drug for terminating atrial fibrillation and flutter. Lancet 386, 1243–1253 (2015). Surg. Forum 7, E271–E276 (2004). Stanley Nattel. Heart Rhythm 15, S189 (2018). Schuessler, R. B. et al. 114, 1483–1499 (2014). Thorac. Ann. Fig.1. Ann. 30, 1270–1278 (2009). Med. Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is rather common and occurs in 20%-40% of preoperative patients undergoing open-heart surgery and 16-46% postoperatively, especially between second to fifth postoperative day.1,2 It is associated with a higher incidence of mortality, stroke and coronary events compared to those in sinus rhythm. JCI Insight 3, 97054 (2018). Kowey, P. R., Taylor, J. E., Rials, S. J. Res. Am. 129, 279–285 (1998). Heart J. N. Engl. Cardiovasc. 25, 921–929 (2014). J. Med. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. 153, 14–20 (2011). J. Ann. Kalman, J. M. et al. Risk factors of atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass grafting: a preliminary report. The European Milrinone Multicenter Trial Group. Europace 14, 159–174 (2012). Aranki, S. F. et al. Underlying mechanisms are specific and complex, including inflammation, myocardial ischaemia and adrenergic activation, in many cases superimposed on an underlying atrial substrate vulnerable to the induction and maintenance of AF. J. Clin. One of the definitions of POAF is "Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation". Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is associated with longer hospital stay and increased in-hospital death and stroke, but its long-term implications remain incompletely understood. Pacing Clin. J. Cardiol. Cardiol. 51, 964–967; discussion 967–968 (1991). Thank you for visiting nature.com. Eur. 77, 1241–1244 (2004). Group, P. S. et al. Pharmacologic prophylaxis of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: beyond beta-blockers. Vitamin D deficiency in adults: Definition, clinical manifestations, and treatment View in Chinese …(You can also locate patient education articles on a variety of subjects by searching on "patient info" and the keyword(s) of interest.) Myocardial redox state predicts in-hospital clinical outcome after cardiac surgery effects of short-term pre-operative statin treatment. A randomized trial evaluating amiodarone for prevention of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection. Following non‐cardiac surgery, it is important to correct reversible conditions such as electrolytes imbalances to prevent the occurrence of POAF. Ahlsson, A., Fengsrud, E., Bodin, L. & Englund, A. Postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery carries an eightfold risk of future atrial fibrillation and a doubled cardiovascular mortality. Google Scholar. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. 357, 218–224 (2007). 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